The discovery of tertiary-amine LXR agonists with potent cholesterol efflux activity in macrophages

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Oct 1;19(19):5617-21. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.08.036. Epub 2009 Aug 13.

Abstract

The liver X receptors (LXR) play a key role in cholesterol homeostasis and lipid metabolism. SAR studies around tertiary-amine lead molecule 2, an LXR full agonist, revealed that steric and conformational changes to the acetic acid and propanolamine groups produce dramatic effects on agonist efficacy and potency. The new analogs possess good functional activity, demonstrating the ability to upregulate LXR target genes, as well as promote cholesterol efflux in macrophages.

MeSH terms

  • Amines / chemical synthesis
  • Amines / chemistry*
  • Amines / pharmacokinetics
  • Animals
  • Apolipoproteins E / deficiency
  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics
  • Apolipoproteins E / metabolism
  • Cholesterol / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Liver X Receptors
  • Macrophages / drug effects*
  • Macrophages / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors / agonists*
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors / genetics
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Amines
  • Apolipoproteins E
  • Liver X Receptors
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors
  • Cholesterol